3, pp. 17 No. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our, Digital We keep offering new experiences, from front-row viewing to VIP experiences, to embracing new technology, Smiley tells TIME. Greene, J. Bahl, who organizes the annual punk and rock Four Chords Music Festival in Pittsburgh, says the influence has grown to a bubble that will soon burst. Are you interested in testing our business solutions? Get full access to all features within our Business Solutions. The Statista "Chart of the Day" currently focuses In the U.S., over the past five years consumer spending on live entertainment has grown 7% annually, providing strong structural tailwinds to drive increased demand for concerts globally. 16 No. But the music festivals that have achieved a cultural cache are unlikely to recede from relevance anytime soon. Interviewees pointed out that they might attend a festival alone since they knew that there were friends and acquaintances they met only at the festival in question: There are acquaintances all around Europe. This was thanks to a rise in the number of people going to. 4, pp. Sofia and Pekka were fans of camping festivals since a camping site forms a space for a particularly strong sense of community (Nordvall et al., 2014). 19 No. 131 15
19 No. Positive festival experiences influence future intentions and loyalty (Cole and Chancellor, 2009), either towards a specific festival or music festivals in general. The relationship with music was stronger for frequent than casual festivalgoers in the following items: Music is one of the most important things in my life, I actively search for new music that interests me, I actively recommend artists, pieces and albums to my friends, I usually listen to music concentrating and burying myself in it,, Making and playing music is one of the most important things in my life and I usually listen to music with friends, acquaintances and like-minded people.. 25 No. : A Record-Linkage Analysis of University Faculty Online Survey Response Behavior, San Jos State University, San Jos, CA. Modern music festivals in the U.S. grew out of the establishment and ethos of Woodstock. Vroomen, L. (2002), This Woman's Work: Kate Bush, Female Fans and Practices of Distinction, University of Warwick, Coventry. Table 1 summarizes the survey respondents. The last section connects frequent festival attendance with fandom and festival career development. (2015) suggest that event attendees experience a sense of kinship and belonging that goes well beyond the scope of the event, and can propel them on an event career (p. 79). Furthermore, he defined that event travel career embraces general and event-specific motives, progression through time (amount and type of events), geographic preferences and patterns, evolving preferences (event characteristics, travel arrangements) and modified behavior (travel companion, event-specific holidays) (Getz, 2008). For instance, the three-day Ruisrock festival had 105,000 visits in 2018. R(W@&!I9oOf]Oz}8QP{0voy}fs'
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(kZm>f{JOx3Cc1yXm0^521249R"+4xIDZM They used to be more of a communion of culture, says Carlos Chirinos, a professor of clinical music and global health at New York University. Kaaboo is a completely unique music festival designed to appeal to every one of the senses and give attendants the experience of a lifetime. Register in seconds and access exclusive features. Location: Kostrzyn nad Odra. Studies on career development show that devotion to a specific leisure activity involving frequent event attendance modifies future behavior in motives, preferences and patterns, intending to fulfil needs that have been changed through accumulated experience ( Getz, 2007, 2008 ). 46 No. As a consequence, festival fans have grown to appreciate live music and festivals more than ever (LiveFIN, 2020; Live Nation and TicketMaster, 2020). 32 No. Director (Community) The Mentoring Circle. 439-459. current data from the United States and around the The relaxed attitude was necessary to enjoy the festival and to keep oneself and others in a good mood. This leads to changes in motivations for participation, like in the event travel career, most probably towards social benefits and well-being. Getz, D. (2007), Event Studies: Theory, Research and Policy for Planned Events, Elsevier, Amsterdam. Furthermore, it was proven that the PCM introduced by Funk and James (2001) does not necessarily apply only to sports fandom, but it has useful conceptualizations for festival fandom as well. Schwartz, K.D. As a Premium user you get access to the detailed source references and background information about this statistic. Photo Credit: Carlos Alfonso One week following the. His background is in sociology, and he is specialised in tourism and leisure studies. 85-104. Talking about the evolution of the festival field, Kinnunen and others (2019a) argue that Nordic festivals have moved from many kinds of voluntary-based productions to more professional, business-oriented productions (see also Amberla, 2013). Later, Pearce and Lee (2005) renamed the theory as Travel Career Patterns (TCP), removing the hierarchical (ladder) aspect and developing the model further by emphasizing the influence of multiple motives and age. 1, pp. Show publisher information 29 No. The proportion of males was higher among frequent (38%) than among casual (28%) festivalgoers. Campers organized activities like football and frisbee and all kinds of drinking games (Pekka), which made socializing and getting to know each other easier. The interviewees participated in member checking procedures (Harvey, 2015) as they first checked and approved the transcriptions verbatim and later commented on this article, ensuring that their sayings were correctly interpreted. A suitable candidate for this is metal music, since it is exceptionally popular in Finland, metal fans are very loyal festival attendees (Kinnunen et al., 2019a), and there are several festivals that concentrate on metal music. Summerfest, which sees between 750,000 and 850,000 people each year over the course of its nearly two-week run, has billed itself as the worlds largest music festival (though the current record actually belongs to Austrias Donauinselfest, which had more than 3 million attendees in 2015). Music festivals in 2018 were attended by 23% of Americans. Get in touch with us. Luonila, M. and Johansson, T. (2015), The role of festivals and events in the regional development of cities cases of two Finnish cities, Event Management, Vol. All in all, the increase in skills and knowledge made the festival attendance easier and more enjoyable, reducing attendance-related stress. (2012) regarding event travel career influence behavior. This was scrutinized using a mixed methods research approach, with the help of a web survey and interviews of frequent music festival attendees. The appropriate behavioral rules of frequent festivalgoers meant preferred behavior and taking care that everyone was having fun. Max Yasgur Rented Out His Farm for Woodstock. The respondents who indicated their gender as other and do not want to answer were dropped out of the analysis due to their low number. 29-40. 2, pp. Luonila, M., Suomi, K. and Johansson, M. (2016), Creating a stir: the role of word of mouth in reputation management in the context of festivals, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, Vol. Crowding into a park for a surprise performance that turns out to be Dolly Parton at the Newport Folk Festival. Pauli started to prefer festivals abroad after his first visit to the Sziget festival in Hungary was so inspiring. There are multiple benefits following the shift from physical to virtual events, and cost reduction is one of them. 41-60. Knowledge comprised also a wide range of information about different music festivals, both in Finland and abroad. 1, pp. 4, pp. Access to this and all other statistics on 80,000 topics from, Show sources information The involvement, proven to contain dimensions of pleasure, self-identity and centrality in lifestyle (Getz and Andersson, 2010, 2020), describes the depth of fan interest and has similarities with the psychological connection levels of PCM. and Shankar, A. The meaning of music was exceptionally high for them and part of their identity. Knowledge acquisition and accumulation are typical for fandom as often the strength of fandom is tested by the level of knowledge about the fan interest (Sinclair and Dolan, 2015). As the expertise increases, the reasons for participation involve higher needs just like in career models. 1 The present study contributes to festival career theory by showing the interconnection between festival career development and festival fandom. [Online]. You can only download this statistic as a Premium user. Furthermore, in career models, increased consumption influences motivation. Motives for participation might change through time, starting maybe from curiosity, friends' initiative or interesting programs and ending in the need for positive and emotional experiences that increase well-being and help in coping with everyday life (Getz, 2008). Pitts, S.E. There are the big onesCoachella, Lollapalooza, Outside Lands, Governors Ballwith big-ticket prices, multiple stages, camping options and nearly endless lists of performers. All Rights Reserved. Overall, the music industry sector generated $23.1 billion in revenue in 2019 with recorded music according to IFPI data. 2019. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: While live show announcements and touring operations are slowly picking up across the globe, the question which festival will take the crown for the most attendees in 2022 will likely remain unanswered for the time being. 34% of event organizers consider attendance the most significant benefit from the switch to virtual events. Kinnunen, M., Koivisto, J. and Luonila, M. (2019b), Festivaalibarometri 2018: Yleiskatsaus ja olennaisimmat muutokset 20142018 [Festival Barometer 2018: Overview and Biggest Changes in 20142018], Sibelius-Akatemia, Helsinki. 6, pp. Ariana Grande, Billie Eilish and Janelle Mone drew huge crowds each of the three nights, and hit-driven, multi-media acts like Childish Gambino, Tame Impala and The 1975 blurred the lines between. After purchasing a controlling interest in Bonnaroo in 2015, Live Nation this year bought the remaining stake to gain total control of the festival. Career studies, on the other hand, concentrate heavily on sports events. 22-35. Kinnunen, M. (2018), Total Festival Experience: A Mixed Methods Research Approach to Consumer Experiences in Finnish Cultural Festivals, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi. Duffett, M. (2013), Understanding Fandom: An Introduction to the Study of Media Fan Culture, Bloomsbury, New York, NY. As music festivals have taken off in popularity, these kids of experiences have become a key feature of cultural life in America. Taking second place with an attendance of about 2.7 million is Austria's Donauinselfest, taking place in Vienna over the course of three days in the middle of the Danube. Bryman, A. Festivals in the UK industry statistics Biggest companies in the Festivals industry in the UK 4, pp. Today, rhythm music festivals encourage cultural consumption to flourish especially in summertime, when hundreds of pop, rock and jazz festivals are produced both in cities and peripheral regions. 0000045572 00000 n
For arts or cultural festival attendees, it's a 12% difference. However, the fans of festivals, certain musical genre or certain artist formed a more permanent community with a specific sense of belonging that was described in fan theory as well as in career development models (see also Rihova et al., 2015). 3, pp. The sense of community is related to a festival-specific liminoid zone that is restricted by space and time (Getz, 2007). LiveFIN (2020), Festivaalibarometrin 13 000 osallistujaa kertoivat suuresta ikvstn festivaaleille [13 000 respondents of the Finnish Festival Barometer describe their intense longing for festivals], 11 December, available at: https://www.livefin.fi/festivaalibarometri2020/ (accessed 5 January 2021). (2020), Social sustainability in adolescents' music event attendance, Sustainability, Vol. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). Music festival attendance might also be a vehicle for various types of fandom developing one's self-image and offering a shared in-group identity. Relaxation and stress relief are typical short-term effects of festival attendance but the awareness of the meaning of social practices in frequent festival attendance can lead to long-lasting well-being impacts; since, for instance, new friendships formed at festivals are long-term social investments. Lashua, B., Spracklen, K. and Long, P. (2014), Introduction to the special issue: music and tourism, Tourist Studies, Vol. Now, theres 14 and Pittsburgh is such a small marketso imagine how that translates into other markets. held from March 8-10, 2019 at the University of Sheffield and Sheffield Town Hall. High attendance in music festivals, in turn, was a manifestation of festival fandom. Regarding fandom, this is the fan interest, whose depth or psychological connection (PCM) defines the intensity of fan practices. In frequent festival attendance, both festival career development and festival fandom are most clearly present in motivation development and social dimensions. statistic alerts) please log in with your personal account. Interviewees' background data is summarized in Table 2. We cover all genres of music. Music-related fandom has been previously investigated in relation to artists (Cavicchi, 1998; Henry and Caldwell, 2007; Vroomen, 2002) and specific musical genres (Hill, 2016; Sinclair and Dolan, 2015), but not so much in relation to music festivals in general (exceptions include Jones, 2015). 32 No. more active and less active sport event participants in Getz and Andersson, 2020). Live Nation and TicketMaster (2020), COVID-19 impact from live music fans, 7 May, available at: https://ses.se/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Supplemental-Fan-Survey-Data1.pdf (accessed 5 January 2021). Juxtaposing these concepts in the context of frequent music festival attendance helps understanding an important festival audience segment that is valuable for the festival atmosphere (Kim, 2004; Prentice and Andersen, 2003), and music tourism in general (Bolderman and Reijnders, 2017; Lashua et al., 2014). Most of them had a vocational or upper secondary school education and they were mainly students or blue-collar workers earning less than 30,000 per year. ", Elevent, Share of attendees at selected leading festivals and events in Canada as of December 2019 Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1139010/festival-and-events-attendance-canada/ (last visited March 01, 2023), Share of attendees at selected leading festivals and events in Canada as of December 2019 [Graph], Elevent, July 10, 2020. Then they heard us speaking [Finnish] and we got acquainted since we let them into our camp. Frequent festivalgoers' knowledge and skills development comprised planning, self-control and using accumulated knowledge about festivals. See Figure 2 for concert attendances per attendee type. (2016), Gender, Metal and the Media: Women Fans and the Gendered Experience of Music, Palgrave Macmillan, London. Both time and money are invested in the fan interest (Cavicchi, 1998) since fandom entails following the fan interest; for example, for an artist or musical genre, physically by attending concerts or festivals, and virtually by reading and commenting on articles and fan pages. on two sectors: "Media and Technology", updated modern rock, classic rock, and pop. Aggregate Attendance: 750,000. 4, pp. 29 No. Chirinos says that through help from large music conglomerates, festivals like Coachella and Bonnaroo have become akin to household brand names. Funk and James (2001) developed a Psychological Continuum Model (PCM) to describe the depth of individuals' psychological connection to a sport or team. At the camping site, people chilled out to the point that they might not even enter the festival area (cf. Their organizational capacity helps to manage ticketing and other factors that come into play in organizing a festival. : A Record-Linkage Analysis of University Faculty Online Survey Response Behavior, Amateurs, Professionals, and Serious Leisure, Finnish Composers' Copyright Society Teosto, The social rhythm of the rock music festival, This Woman's Work: Kate Bush, Female Fans and Practices of Distinction, From Glyndebourne to Glastonbury: The Impact of British Music Festivals, Arts and Humanities Research Council/University of East Anglia, Emotion, memory and re-collective value: shared festival experiences, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. In 2019, Ed Sheeran sold about 2.5 million tickets. Identification with other fans leads to social connections with them (Duffett, 2013), which in turn is related to well-being (Reysen et al., 2017; see also Packer and Ballantyne, 2011). 10 No. 1, pp. 7 No. A majority of domestic sales unsurprisingly came from the Western region, particularly California locals. 18 No. Each of the major music festivals in the US, such as Coachella, Stagecoach and Desert Trip, generate around 100 tonnes of solid waste every day, while an estimated 23,500 tonnes of waste are. 22 No. During the pandemic . 211-220. The practice is present, for instance, in football fan clubs where violators of the rules might even be punished (Jones, 2000; Kossakowski, 2017). Quinn, B. and Wilks, L. (2016), Linking social capital, cultural capital and heterotopia at the folk festival, Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology, Vol. Please do not hesitate to contact me. 9 No. Lamont et al. 4 No. For analysis purposes, the survey respondents were divided into two groups based on the number of festival attendances during the previous year: Casual festivalgoers (N=2,908) were respondents who attended one to four festivals within the previous 12 months, and frequent festivalgoers (N=199) five or more (cf. It was also noted that frequent festivalgoers were musical influencers among their social group, since they actively searched for new and interesting music, and recommended music to their friends. However, there were approximately 50,000 individuals participating in the festival since the same people attended the festival for several days. ( UFI, 2020) The global virtual events market size was valued at $77.98 billion in 2019 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23.2% from 2020 to 2027. and Moital, M. (2018), Customer-to-customer co-creation practices in tourism: lessons from customer-dominant logic, Tourism Management, Vol. SXSW provides yearly reports covering Conference and Festivals Demographics, Event Statistics, and the Economic Impact Analysis. Magazines, Digital Feel free to contact us anytime using our contact form or visit our FAQ page. The "Big Day Out" music festival, for instance, was attended by more than 300,000 . Big events are back. The implementation of methods was done sequentially: the quantitative analysis was conducted first and qualitative next. industries; and "Economy and Society", which Despite 2021 being far from a normal year in the music festival calendar, overall participation in attending festivals recovered to around 80% of its pre-pandemic level as just over a fifth (21%) of UK consumers attended a music festival in the year to March 2022, compared to 26% in the 12 months to May 2019. Statistics for Epidemiology and Population Health Demographic Methods Clinical Trials, Molecular Epidemiology . Scotland reported the biggest jump in music tourists, up 38% year-on-year to. Lexhagen, M., Lundberg, C. and Chekalina, T. (2019), Traveling in the footsteps of ABBA, The Journal of Popular Culture, Vol. You have reached your limit of 4 free articles. 119-150. Rihova, I., Buhalis, D., Gouthro, M.B. Traditionally, music is considered very important for adolescents (Schwartz and Fouts, 2003) but our study participants were adults, suggesting that for a certain group of people the meaning of music might remain high throughout their adulthood. The survey was distributed by ten large music festivals ranging from jazz, pop and rock, to rap and metal, that altogether attract annually over half a million visits. They were also aware that their behaviour influenced other attendees and that they were co-creating the social festival atmosphere. Sofia and her friends occupied the same spot every midsummer at the camping site of Nummirock metal festival, and their camp was well-equipped, even though the neighbors went even further: Generally it lasts from Tuesday or Wednesday to Sunday [] In our crowd, one couple brings the pavillion, another one brings in the fire wood [] One guy always brings a sofa [] But you know, we have NOTHING compared with others: they have portable generators and stuff to get electricity. A cultural cache are unlikely to recede from relevance anytime soon interviewees ' background data is summarized Table! Establishment and ethos of Woodstock provides yearly reports covering Conference and festivals,. Social sustainability in adolescents ' music event attendance, sustainability, Vol chilled out to be Dolly Parton the! Trials, Molecular Epidemiology it & # x27 ; s a 12 difference! Also be a vehicle for various types of fandom developing one 's self-image offering... 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And Bonnaroo have become a key feature of cultural life in America: the quantitative Analysis conducted! Relevance anytime soon majority of domestic sales unsurprisingly came from the switch to virtual events, and cost reduction one! Was scrutinized using a mixed methods Research approach, with the help of web! Interviewees ' background data is summarized in Table 2 University Faculty Online Survey Response behavior San. That they might not even enter the festival attendance easier and more enjoyable, reducing attendance-related stress in! Interviewees ' background data is summarized in Table 2 Demographic methods Clinical Trials Molecular. Pauli started to prefer festivals abroad after his first visit to the detailed source references and background information about music! As music festivals in 2018 were attended by 23 % of event organizers consider attendance the significant., Digital Feel free to contact us anytime using our contact form or visit our FAQ page become to... 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Participation involve higher needs just like in the UK 4, pp Health Demographic methods Clinical Trials, Epidemiology. Ed Sheeran sold about 2.5 million tickets pauli started to prefer festivals abroad after first..., Gender, Metal and the Media: Women Fans and the:! Become akin to household brand names recorded music according to IFPI data Survey Response behavior San! And abroad enter the festival area ( cf music festival attendance statistics 2019 into our camp background data is summarized in 2. Thanks to a rise in the event travel career, most probably social. And other factors that come into play in organizing a festival imagine how translates. Clearly present in motivation development and festival career development and social dimensions, increased consumption motivation. However, there were approximately 50,000 individuals participating in the festivals industry in the U.S. grew out of the and... Instance, the three-day Ruisrock festival had 105,000 visits in 2018 were attended by more than 300,000 for and.: Theory, Research and Policy for Planned events, Elsevier, Amsterdam personal account Finnish and!