The occupation became a major landmark in the history of Mori protest and helped to open Pkeh eyes to the country's history of injustice. The government did not return the land to the Ngti Whtua iwi after the supposed threat passed, instead giving it to the local government. Her compassionate approach to politics where success is measured not only by the nations GDP but by better lives lived by its people has caused many to see New Zealand as a bastion of progressive government. The attention of protest action turned to the court cases of the protestors that were arrested at Bastion Point. It began on 5 January 1977, and ended on 25 May 1978 (the 507th day), when 222 protesters were evicted and arrested by police. There are some good restaurants, cafes, eateries, bakeries where one can find delicious food. Looking north east along kahu Bay towards Takaparawhau, showing the sewer line in course of construction, 1910. This railway station is the closest to Bastion Point. This Mori land march or hkoi (march) led by Ngpuhi leader Dame Whina Cooper was to protest against the loss of Mori land. To this day, New Zealanders like to see themselves as practical, coping with anything thrown at them, with good life skills and a cooperative can-do spirit. Ngti Whtua sought British protection from Ngpuhi as well as a reciprocal relationship with the Crown and the Church. They suggest many advances didnt happen because of a conscious desire to bring forth change, but because of the nations values of fairness and equality society simply thought they were the fair or decent thing to do at the time. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. [22], The occupation lasted for 506 days; it ended on 25 May 1978,[1] when 800 police and personnel of the New Zealand Army forcibly removed the occupiers and destroyed the temporary buildingsincluding vegetable gardens and the marae. Bastion Point (Mori: Takaparawhau) is a coastal piece of land in Orakei, Auckland, New Zealand, overlooking the Waitemat Harbour. But we do have everyday and often casual racism around the country and youd be naive if you dont think it's there.. Lee obtained most of his land, but Langstone's (and the Cabinet's) decision; seen as obtaining Mori land as a park 'for white children' was reversed. Over time, through negotiations and a successful treaty claim, Bastion Point was returned to Ngti Whtua. The obelisk in Savage Memorial Park on Bastion Point commemorates the burial place of Michael Joseph Savage, first Labour prime minister, who died in 1940. The nation managed to successfully contain the community spread of Covid-19 through its world-leading response to the pandemic (Credit: Hagen Hopkins/Getty Images), Now a lot of the rhetoric goes, Well, if we do this, well be a world leader. In 1873 the Native Land Court stated that "the land shall be inalienable." The outpost was not built on Takaparawha Point, which had earlier been taken by the Government for the same purpose. Since 1975, Mori have been able to reclaim land through a tribunal but its reach is limited and now they are exploring other options. Its purpose was to hear claims of the crowns violation of the treaty, signed in 1840 and considered New Zealands founding document. "[15][16], In 1936 rkei was proposed as a site for state housing by the First Labour Government, and in August a Mori delegation asked Prime Minister Savage that at least the marae on the flat foreshore where he had been ceremonially welcomed after his election should be retained by the tribe. This reflected New Zealanders view that equality (rather than freedom) was the most important political value and the most compelling goal for the society to strive for and protect.. The crown doesnt do things unless there is pressure, says Jackson. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. [14] The occupiers constructed a marae and housing, and grew crops. According to Massey University sociologist Dr PaulSpoonley, when interviewed for Radio New Zealand in 2018, Our race relations when seen globally are not too bad. The 1977 -1978 Bastion Point protest had a significant impact on New Zealand society and many New Zealanders, the protest mainly had a significant impact on the Maori community and would be a catalyst for a number of changes in government policy in regard to the return of Maori land. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. If you are visiting New Zealand on February 6th, youll be part of Waitangi Day, our national holiday. The incensed rkei Mori met Savage on his return from overseas, and he immediately reversed the decision, avoiding what could have been a political crisis. The national response to the coronavirus pandemic, however, so far appears to lead the world. The tribe mounted a 506-day occupation of the site in 197778. But at least they didnt resile from some obligation to try and work things through.. A 1977 government plan to develop expensive housing on Bastion Point prompted a 506-day occupation by the tribe and supporters. But the settlement process is not without criticisms. The roadways in the city are well-connected and well-maintained. The subjects covered everything from very specific local problems to New Zealand was not conquered but founded on a treaty between Mori and the Crown (Credit: Martin Vlnas/Getty Images). Aotearoa, to use New Zealand's Mori name, is not Utopia. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. The weather is comparatively cold and transitioning into the summer. About 92 to 93 years later, a historical protest was held against a proposed sale of the land by the Maori iwi tribe. This led to the occupation of Bastion Point. New Zealands Mori are using occupations to reclaim land taken from them by confiscation or inequitable purchases. The protest ended when the government sent in police to clear the protesters and demolish their makeshift homes. The Bastion Point protest had a significant impact on the Maori community as it showed Maori that many New Zealanders were concerned with their land grievances, and paved the way for Maori tribes to deal with their land grievances in a way that was fair and just. CORRECTION:A previous version of this story had the incorrect start date of New Zealand's nationwide lockdown. According to Mori cosmogony, the earth is Papatuanuku, the mother. Leading constitutional lawyer Dr Moana Jackson says this confiscation, and others like them, formed the beginnings of the New Zealand banking system and colonial economy. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? If you liked this story,sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newslettercalled "The Essential List". Joseph Parata Hawke In April this year New Zealands auditor-general found the deal to be unlawful until validated by an act of parliament. [1] Takaparawhau is now the site of the private rkei Marae, the public Michael Joseph Savage Memorial, and privately-owned reserve land that is accessible to the public. The Anglican and Catholic churches were spared from destruction on Hekes orders. Bastion Point - The Untold Story - In 1977 protesters occupied Bastion Point, after the announcement of a housing development on land once belonging to Ngti Whtua. Joe Hawke, who had helped to form the rkei Mori Action Committee to settle Ngti Whtua land issues with the government, led the occupation. The Bastion Point protest had a significant impact on the Maori community as it showed Maori that many New Zealanders were concerned with their land grievances, and paved the way for Maori tribes to deal with their land grievances in a way that was fair and just. A new, third level of content, designed specially to meet the advanced needs of the sophisticated scholar. [7], The land was occupied by Ngti Whtua rkei, and before the colonisation of New Zealand it was part of important lands for the hap, overlooking rich fishing and farming areas. Mori constitutional authority traditionally derives from an iwis rohe, or sphere of influence. There were a number of key significant causes of the Bastion Point Protest of 1977-78. A fire in a tent on September 26, 1977 caused the death of a young girl named Joanna Hawke, the niece of protest leader Joe Hawke. They know deep down.. The relationship to Papatuanuku is what makes Mori tangata whenua, or people of the land. Without land, Mori political authority was substantially neutered. The defendants and their supporters marched from Bastion Point to court in downtown Auckland, in an act of unity and to show that they would not give up their opposition to construction at Bastion Point, and that they would continue to advocate for the land to be returned to them. Like the Massey Memorial in Wellington, it is built on the site of a former gun emplacement dating from the 'Russian Scare' of the 1880s. And Jackson believes constitutional change is already in motion. Then, in the mid-19th century, during the Russian Scare, the land was given to the Crown. The same safe and trusted content for explorers of all ages. [8] The surrounding land was purchased and confiscated by the New Zealand Government for public works and development over a period stretching from the 1840s into the 1950s. In the end the state prevailed. Two years ago, a small pocket of land three kilometres from Aucklands international airport became the most prominent site of a struggle by Mori, New Zealands indigenous people, to reclaim land confiscated by the crown more than 150 years ago. These causes dated back to the mid 1800s and the occupation itself all stemmed from issues surrounding the loss of land Ngati Whatua as a result of rulings by the Native Land Court and the early New Zealand government. By the mid-1900s many Mori had left their traditional lands and were living in cities. And in the end, like most of these things, the redress offered to the people at Ihumtao like the redress that has been offered to other iwi was defined and confined by the crown, and often went against the wishes of the people that were claiming the land.. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Why was Bastion Point important to New Zealand? These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The land at Ihumtao was bought by developers Fletcher Building, one of the largest companies on New Zealands stock exchange, in 2016. In 197778 a 506-day protest against a proposed Crown sale was held there. Beginning in the 1970s, widespread campaigns and occupations began pressuring the government to recognise the grievances of Mori who had been dispossessed. About 1.8 kilometres ahead from Quay Street, through Tamaki Drive, one can reach Bastion Point. Those wanting to take a train to reach Auckland can check for trains heading to Strand Railway Station in Auckland. New Zealand was placed in complete lockdown to stop the spread of Covid-19 across the country (Credit: Bradley White/Getty Images). It began on 5 January 1977, and ended on 25 May 1978 (the 507th day), when 222 protesters were evicted and arrested by police. Holidify Travels Pvt Ltd.- All Right Reserved, Best Time: December - February And, perhaps invoking those earlier ideals of fairness and equality, the prime minister and ministers have taken a 20% pay cut for six months in solidarity with those whose income has been affected by coronavirus. It was misleading for the government to be pushing for it to be purchased using housing money, when clearly it could be purchased using a heritage fund, or the conservation fund, but they wanted to make it look as though there were still going to be houses on that land.. Why SJF Cannot be implemented practically? Within a century, this too was compulsorily acquired by the Crown (apart from a cemetery). Takaparawhau / Bastion Point is a coastal piece of land in rkei, Auckland, New Zealand, overlooking the Waitemat Harbour. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Nine years later, in 1987, the government accepted the Waitangi Tribunals decree that Bastion Point was Mori land and should be returned. New Zealanders like to see themselves as practical, coping with anything thrown at them, with good life-skills and a co-operative can-do spirit. He said the garden, and perhaps by implication, the whole protest, was too late. The illumination of the past showed the need not just for a settlement of present claims, but a better law for the future. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. This skill has become part of the national psyche, known as the No8 wire mentality after isolated farmers ability to use a length of fence wire to fix any misbehaving machine. What was the impact of the 1977 Bastion Point occupation? Protesters lived in tents and other makeshift dwellings, built a temporary meeting hall, and grew vegetables on the land. On 28 April, after five weeks of that severe lockdown, Ardern eased the restrictions slightly, announcing that her country had done what few countries have been able to do and contained the community spread of Covid-19. Why was Bastion Point important to New Zealand? Travellers are lured here by a world of constantly changing scenery packed into a comparatively small space: primordial forest; lakes; waterfalls; fiords; active volcanoes; hot-water springs; geysers; white- and black-sand beaches; alps and glaciers. Readers of Britains Telegraph have named it their favourite country seven years in a row; and after Donald Trumps 2016 election, US migration inquiries to New Zealand immediately rose 24-fold, according to The Guardian. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Robin Hyde wrote No More Dancing at Orakei. Around the same time, the Government of New Zealand was formed. The tomb is inscribed: Michael Joseph Savage, 18721940, He loved his fellow men. The tribunal stated that those who had occupied Bastion Point, were breaching the treaty as they were acting outside of the law. The outpost was not built on Takaparawha Point, which had earlier been taken by the Government for the same purpose. The Bastion Point occupation became one of the most famous protest actions in New Zealand history. 506 days Located at Auckland's Bastion Point, the memorial to Michael Joseph Savage, New Zealand's first Labour prime minister (1935-1940) overlooks the Waitemata Harbour. New Zealand's Mori are using occupations to reclaim land taken from them by confiscation or inequitable purchases. 2 What were the causes of the Bastion Point occupation? The 1991 rkei Act was passed to recognise the rights of Ngti Whtua rkei under the treaty. One of their causes was the return of their land and payment for the governments past injustices. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. There was much sympathy from the Pakeha people. But the difficulties of living out that ideal soon became apparent, as two races of vastly different cultural traditions competed for the land and its resources. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Pania Newton, a recent law graduate, moved into a caravan on the site in November 2016, determined to stop the planned development. It is charged with investigating and making recommendations on claims brought by Mori relating to actions or omissions made by the government in New Zealands history. The concern was, This is an important right because it will enfranchise women or be more representative, more democratic and so on. From the city centre, Bastion Point is located about 3 kilometres away and can be accessed via this route Federal Street Wyndham Street Albert Street Customs Street W Customs Street E Commerce Street Quay Street. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The Pacific nation, soon to reach a population of five million, lays claim to a number of social and political advances: creating indigenous parliamentary seats (1857); granting women the vote (1893); advocating an eight-hour working day (1840); state-funded old-age pensions (1898); the worlds most extensive system of pensions and welfare (1938); and its unique no-fault accident compensation scheme (1974). Numerous attempts to restore tribal ownership were made over the following decades, through the Mori Land Court, the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal, the Compensation Court, and through 15 petitions to Parliament, all without success. Stephen Levine, professor of political science at Victoria University of Wellington, writing in Te Ara, the nations official online encyclopaedia another world first says early British settlers and politicians were driven by notions of equality, fairness and honesty. Watch Bastion Point: the untold story (1999), from NZ On Screen: Why was there a protest at Bastion Point? 1 July 1988 The protesters, under the banner of the rkei Mori Action Committee, refused to leave their ancestral lands and occupied Bastion Point for 506 days. Crucially, they felt entitled to self-government and that everyone should be equal under the law in their proposed fair, equal and honest society. However, racism does exist. Over 40 years later, just over a week ago, Joe Hawke's daughter, Sharon, told a crowd on Bastion Point that the late great Denis Hansen had derided Eddie. While the multicultural nation continues to pass socially progressive laws marriage equality, decriminalising prostitution, treating abortion as a health not criminal issue Moon senses a change in motivation. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Now Ngti Whtua is the third largest land owner in downtown Auckland. There are gardens, lawns, meadows and several other beautiful features that make Bastion Point an Aucklander's favourite haunt. This led to the occupation of Bastion Point. Bastion Point was Mori ancestral land belonging to the Ngti Whtua iwi (tribe), but the New Zealand government began confiscating it in the mid-19th century. [24][25], Joe Hawke died on 22 May 2022, aged 82 and was buried at Takaparawhau, the land he fought to return to his iwi.[26][27]. Apart from its beautiful surroundings, it is also popular because of its history, especially the 19th-century Maori Protest that continued for almost two years. It was given to the Crown by Ngti Whtua as a defence site during the Russian scare of 1885. And they often return home noting the warmth and sincerity of the laidback Kiwi welcome and the local respect for Mori culture tikanga Mori, a living, breathing and inclusive force thats part of the fabric of New Zealand society, not turned on for tourists or a rugby test warmup. This Auckland-based student movement took its lead from liberation struggles elsewhere. With no ability to reclaim the land through the channels of the tribunal, the owners at Ihumtao began an occupation in the tradition of those at Whaingaroa, on the west coast, and Bastion Point in Auckland. Ten years later, the Waitangi Tribunal supported Maori claims to the land, a decision that. It is a vast expanse of coastal land that overlooks the Waitemata Harbour. The protest ended when the government sent in police to clear the protesters and demolish their makeshift homes. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. How does Bastion Point link to the Treaty of Waitangi? By 1859, Ngti Whtua rkei, who had given two further land tuku of 13,200 acres (5,342 hectares) to the Crown, had lost most of their remaining land through speculators. Read about our approach to external linking. It has large columns, sunken gardens and a reflecting pool which was built in two years by Fletcher Construction for 34,533, with the cost raised by subscription. RMN10-1) Led by Joe Hawke, the rkei Mori Action Committee occupied Takaparawh (Bastion Point reserve), a promontory overlooking Auckland's Waitemat Harbour. Looking east along Biddicks Bay towards Takaparawha showing Bastion Rock, since demolished, 1901. In 1885 the government, fearing that the Russian navy was planning an invasion, took Bastion Point to use as a defensive position. This was after the government announced plans for a high-value housing development on land overlooking the Waitemat Harbour, and on the last 27 hectares of uncommitted Crown land, previously owned by Ngti Whtua o Orkei, and which the hap were still battling to have returned. WithJoeHawke advocating for the claim, the Orakei claim, as it was known, became the the first of the historical claimswhich the tribunal investigated, and this would pave the way for countless claims to come. Cabs are easily available on hire from the railway station. The looting and subsequent burning of Kororreka shook the settler population. Please note: Text within images is not translated, some features may not work properly after translation, and the translation may not accurately convey the intended meaning. This was an important moment in defining Mori land rights. While travelling is on hold due to the coronavirus outbreak, BBC Travel will continue to inform and inspire our readers who want to learn about the world as much as they want to travel there, offering stories thatcelebrate the people, places and cultures that make this world so wonderfully diverse and amazing. Independence 1947 - New Zealand gains full independence from Britain. Unlimited access to every NZGeo story ever written and hundreds of hours of natural history documentaries on all your devices. We don't have hate crimes to the extent that you would findin European countries, he said. The outpost was not built on Takaparawha Point, which had earlier been taken by the Government for the same purpose. Copyright 2023 MassInitiative | All rights reserved. released 96 reports ranging from brief judicial findings to large reports. Mission Bay is located seven kilometres to the east of the city centre, on the southern shore of the Waitemat Harbour, between rkei and Kohimarama. As a result of this Ngati Whatua has built a strong relationship with Auckland City over the last 20 years, and they have been given shared responsibility for public spaces within their area. After six months of extensive planning, on 14th September 1975, 80-year-old Whina Cooper led around 50 Marchers, leaving Te Hapua on their journey to Wellington. Here they walk past Porirua towards their final destination, Parliament. Area of coastal land in Auckland, New Zealand. Unlike other British colonies, the islands were not conquered, but founded on a treaty between Mori and the Crown: the 1840 Te Tiriti o Waitangi / Treaty of Waitangi. Sound file from Radio New Zealand Sound Archives Ng Taonga Krero. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Bastion Point was one part of the 700-acre Orkei Blocka site of protest since1898 when the newly established Native Land Court divided the bulk of the block into individual title, effectively ending communal ownership for the hap. The total cost of settlements paid out by the crown since 1975 is less than New Zealands annual corrections budget. [2], In 1951, Mori living in rkei were evicted and the houses were knocked down. These causes dated back to the mid 1800's and the occupation itself all stemmed from issues surrounding the loss of land Ngati Whatua as a result of rulings by the Native Land Court and the early New Zealand government. This documentary explores the reasons for the 1970s Maori protest movement, the 1975 Hikoi protest march, and the Occupation of Bastion Point in 1977, and also covers how . Its not a constitution (New Zealand doesnt have a written document); rather, it was an arrangement to ensure the safety of settlers and, many would say, a fig leaf to lay claim to land and resources for Pkeh the term for non-Mori, English-speaking arrivals. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Where should I start working out out of shape? From the drop point, it requires a commute of about 1.2 kilometres to reach the destination. The pou has the shape of a taurapa (the stern of a waka) standing on a concrete plinth representing the toka (rock) that acted as a beacon for waka, known as Bastion Rock.[28]. Panorama showing the annual Manu Aute Kite Day, held on Takaparawhau on the first Matariki long weekend, June 2022. Takaparawha Pou (pole or column) installed at Takaparawhau (Bastion Point) in 2019, designed by Lenard Philips and Te Aroha Witika. Earth is Papatuanuku, the government to recognise the grievances of Mori who had occupied Point. A commute of about 1.2 kilometres to reach Auckland can check for trains to... Of hours of natural history documentaries on all your devices on the first Matariki long,... Pressuring the government sent in police to clear the protesters and demolish their makeshift homes from Quay Street through! Since 1975 is less than New Zealands annual corrections budget more democratic and so.! Some good restaurants, cafes, eateries, bakeries where one can delicious! 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