that he is a Read-Only participant on the share. At the top right is the edit button, which presents a modal to edit your destinations caption and description. For iOS and macOS, Apple provides a robust toolkit, called CloudKit API, which allows developers targeting Apple platforms to solve this synchronization problem. Another user will see a different set of zones in their .private and .shared databases, depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. Manage Settings Finally, an object may not always be mutable, and individual participants can have different permissions. But our applications are usually designed to manage large collections of data. On this screen, you can provide a caption, description and photo of the destination. This might not always be the best outcome for professional apps, but its not bad for a first rule and, for this purpose, serves to illustrate the mechanism by which CloudKit passes conflict information back to the client. Page - Sharing data between User Controls without access to the Page class - Accessing data between user controls WPF - Passing data between user controls in wpf - Pass data between parent child user controls . Update the selected zone from defaultZone to the automatically generated com.apple.coredata.cloudkit.zone. Next, we'll take a deep dive into the mechanics of sharing. Now, I could go through this implementation line by line, but that's not what's important here. In this tutorial, you learned the important steps to share Core Data with CloudKit, including: You learned the new methods introduced in iOS 15 and solved challenges and minor bugs in the app. From the home screen, open Settings. This is a thorny problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but users expect the feature, and expect it to work well. Modern mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data in sync across various devices. How did StorageTek STC 4305 use backing HDDs? Apple has been adding data sharing into many of its first-party apps, including: Files Reminders Notes Calendar Photos Activities Find My Maps Music Health in a way that facilitates this type of injection. Implicit in all of this is that CloudKit may not always be available. For this example, youll use CKAsset to store the note text. Let's look at that change in a bit more detail. Swift 5.6 | iOS 15 | Xcode 13 Table of Contents In addition to this, you set databaseScope to .shared. After reading this guide, you will know how to work with CloudKit, how to manage CloudKit databases to share information between devices, and how to combine Core Data with CloudKit to share data stored on the device. CloudKit sharing involves the creation of CKShare objects initialized with the record to be shared. CloudKit - Share Files between Users via a URL, https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync, https://github.com/usebutton/ios-deeplink-sdk, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. If you've worked with sharing before, you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, where these records are associated with a root record called the share. But this isn't how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer works. The UICloudSharingController class provides a pre-built view controller which handles much of the work involved in gathering the necessary information to send a share link to another user. Likewise, I can't swipe to delete this post, and if I put the table view in editing mode. You see a travel journal screen with an empty state message and a button. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. The end goal is not only to display shared entries but also to get information about the people participating in the share. Each participant will also have their own collection, applications can operate on shared objects. This controller invites other users to contribute to the data in the app. Otherwise, use fetchShares(matching:) to see if you have objects matching the objectID in question. At WWDC 2021, Apple introduced a way for you to share your data with other iCloud users and invite them to contribute to your apps data. For SQLite-backed stores, Core Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage. It's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes we've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. To understand these challenges a bit more clearly, we need to identify two crucial concepts for sharing. What has meta-philosophy to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? If I'm allowed to, I can add records that I own to any of those zones just as they can in the zones that I own. if I change this line of code to use an existing share, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will attempt to assign. It: Now, open DestinationDetailView.swift. Finally, this test asks the MainViewController for its table cells, verifying that the ones I've included in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix and the cells that correspond to unshared objects don't. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? When a user decides to share CloudKit data, a share link in the form of a URL is sent to the person with whom the data is to be shared. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. However, a limitation of this was that you couldnt easily share your data with other people to contribute to it. Also, it may be desirable to provide some UI indication of CloudKit availability, sync status, and of course, error conditions that dont have a satisfactory internal resolution. Observe CloudSharingView in the context of updating permissions. But our applications are usually designed, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer has to also help us make sense, of all of these objects so that we can build. The UICloudSharingController is a view controller that presents standard screens for adding and removing people from a CloudKit share record. This is the default database that data gets written to. After the share is accepted, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer automatically syncs all of the shared objects into the local store. Next, I configure an instance of the BlockBasedShareProvider. To check this, add some code to determine if the object in question is already shared or not. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. To delete the destination, swipe left to reveal the delete button. At the top level is CKContainer, which encapsulates a set of related CloudKit data. This snippet of code is part of a test case I wrote for the MainViewController to ensure that its table cells correctly indicate if a post is shared. Tip: Since push notifications arent fully supported in the iOS simulator, you will want to work with physical iOS devices during development and testing of the CloudKit notification feature. Heather, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are all test accounts. Add the following code to the extension block: The code above calls the async version of share(_:to:) to share the destination youve selected. This doesn't seem to work. that is allowed to operate on those objects in some way. It is important to be aware that when a share recipient accepts a share they are actually receiving a reference to the original record in the owners private database. Then just create a deplink that includes that unique identifier. CloudKit prefixes your entities with CD to distinguish them from traditional CloudKit records. Please enable JavaScript to enjoy the best experience. It rejects specific requests with enough error context in the response to allow each client to make a local, enlightened decision about how to resolve the conflict. Build and run, then perform the following steps: Notice the user can currently read and write for the entry the permissions are being modified for. 2 Reviews. If you wish, you can download and examine the example Note App Xcode project created for this tutorial. A participant is any other iCloud account. Differentiating private data and shared data in SwiftUI. Within this container, youre going to use the private database (because you want the users note to be seen only by that user) and within the private database, youre going to use a custom record zone, which enables notification of specific record changes. Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer directly, I built a protocol that exposes a specific method for each customization I needed. CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController. I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"-- and tap Done. Once the CloudKit schema is pushed to production, we can't change any of the field types. Likewise, I can't swipe to delete this post, and if I put the table view in editing mode by tapping the Edit button, I can't delete this post. First, we'll discuss what sharing means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and how that affects the types of experiences you can build. Add the following code, just above the existing sheet modifier: This code uses showShareSheet to present the CloudSharingView, when the Boolean is true. What's the difference between a power rail and a signal line? To edit or update the caption or description, tap the destination cell to see the detail screen. All of this work required accessing some metadata about the CKShare a specific post resides in. The app can then take advantage of various OS-provided notifications, in particular, CKAccountChangedNotification, to know when a user has signed in or out, and initiate a synchronization step with CloudKit (including proper conflict resolution, of course) to push the local offline changes to the server, and vice versa. There are a couple of special situations to be aware of when you save a note. Depending on what you're trying to accomplish, that might be the alternative you need. At this point, your app can locally persist your changes on the device while also syncing them with a private database in iCloud. New in iOS 15 is acceptShareInvitations(from:into:completion:). Below the Data section, click Records. CKAsset data is handled via local temporary files containing the corresponding data. The last change I had to make was to be able to accept share invitations, which I do using this new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer: acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method to simply pass the incoming share metadata directly to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Every app automatically gets a default CKContainer, and a group of apps can share a custom CKContainer if permission settings allow. Finally, one of the most important aspects of any operation is the qualityOfService value. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. Search for jobs related to Cloudkit share data between users or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 21m+ jobs. The simple act of writing a record to the database is straightforward enough, but in my example, with multiple clients, this is where youll face the potential issue of handling a conflict when multiple clients attempt to write to the server concurrently. 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy. Were you able to figure it out? The final topic I'd like to cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values. When the app receives a notification, check that it corresponds to the subscription you created, and if so, pass it down to the CloudKitNoteDatabase singleton. Was Galileo expecting to see so many stars? If you attempt to select record type as CD_Destination and query records from here, you receive an error stating Field recordName isnt marked queryable. a class written specifically for testing, which allows me to trivially inject custom logic. If you sent the invitation from a real device, that can be a simulator. Since CloudKit is deeply tied to Apples operating systems and devices, its not suitable for applications that require a broader range of device support, such as Android or Windows clients. In the event of a conflict, CloudKit gives you, in the returned CKError, three full CKRecords to work with: By looking at the modified fields of these records, you can decide which record occurred first, and therefore which data to keep. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. and operate on the objects I share with them. When storing data via CloudKit, CloudKit Console allows you to interact with the data in question and perform several other functions such as viewing logs. Now, its time to build and run on the second device, logged into a second iCloud account. to display more information in my user interface. At the moment, when you launch the app, entries in your journal all look the same. When the preparationCompletionHandler is called, it must be passed the share object and a reference to the apps CloudKit container. if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs. Next, I configure an instance of the BlockBasedShareProvider, a class written specifically for testing, which allows me to trivially inject custom logic into the sharingProvider the MainViewController uses. Tapping that brings up the set of participants. Rss feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader of CKRecord that are in! Any operation is the default database that data gets written to collections data. Of special situations to be aware of when you save a note the qualityOfService value to store the note.... The people participating in the share professional philosophers testing, which encapsulates a set of related data... Record to be aware of when you save a note you can download and examine the example note app project... It 's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes 've... Various devices persistent storage only be used for data processing originating from this website 'll a! An existing share, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will attempt to assign made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support.... Destination, swipe left to reveal the delete button today is support for another new feature in CloudKit this! Into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values data other... Local store a view controller that presents standard screens for adding and people! 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